Топик Science and technology
We live in the fascinating and challenging world of science. It is a world that more and more over the ages, and especially in the 20th century has come to affect so much of our lives. It is involved with the way we travel, the homes we live in and the clothes we wear, how we become ill and how medicine can make us better, and has given us fantastic means of communicating and exploring.
The list of the inventations is rather long. We are on-lookers of great scientific achievements such as television and a computer. We can’t imagine our life withought a notebook or a radio. I’d like to speak in details about computers.
What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that stores information and allows changes in it through the use of instructions. A modern computer is capable of doing various tasks, like word processing and accounting. Personal computers are widely used but working on them requires some techniques.
A computer gives a lot of advantages to a user. The list of the advantages is rather long: computers give us access to the Internet- an international computer network. You can spread a lot of your free time surfing the Internet and get all sorts of information from it. You can enter the chat room with other Internet users and debate urgent problems on line. If you are connectable by e-mail, you can correspond with your own web page and place there information about yourself.
Today computers help people to do many things. Bankers use them to keep track of money. Telephone operators use them to put calls through. Without computers, weather forecasters would make more mistakes. Computers also help scientists to solve their problems. More than that computers help police to keep order in shops. Computers also help doctors to treat patients. Computers allow users to spend their free time and relax. But computers have some disadvantages. Computers can make people lazy. People waste their time when they play different games on a computer. People forget to go to the libraries, they often find information on the Internet. Wicked games can make people, especially children aggressive and stupid.
But in my view they have more advantages, that disadvantages. It’s an open secret that the computer is a source of education, entertainment and communication. And in my life the computer plays a very important role. It helps me to find information and relax. Though scientists have archived so much, scientific minds are still working at some urgent problems. I would like to mention some problems. One of them is finding and using alternative sources of energy. Scientists are also learning how to save and conserve energy. They have many problems with creating highly effective systems of communication. I can’t but mention one of the main problems. It is development of life on the planet.
I’d like to focus on the problem how to make our life longer and happier. It’s a well-known fact that nowadays people have a lot of artificial parts or implants inside them. There are some people who have problems with their health, especially with their hearts. And surgeons operate them on and put on implant inside them. Surgeons think that within 50 years one person in ten will have at least one artificial part inside.
Because science will be around us even more in the future, I think we-tomorrows adults must start learning today to be ready to take our places in this computerized, transistorized, antibiotic, nuclear and supersonic age!
Топик по английскому языку по теме «Science and technology»
Рубрика: Наука
Science and technology — топик по английскому языку с переводом и фразами, который поможет при подготовке к устной части экзаменов ЕГЭ, ОГЭ, а также будет полезен всем, кто совершенствует свой английский язык.
We are living in a world of technologies now and can’t remember our life being different. The humanity has made many discoveries and invented lots of mechanisms and devices which have simplified our life significantly.
We got acquainted with light and sound and explored their characteristics which helped us to use them effectively. The radio, the TV, the telephone was invented and enabled us to get in touch with each other, learn about what is happening in our native city and all over the world.
The humanity never stopped on the way to unexplored places and even planets! We devised a satellite and made a rocket to travel to the moon and round the Earth. Special equipment lets us make photos of the faraway planets and study their environment.
The most recent breakthrough in technology is supposed to be the internet. It has broadened our abilities and opened new horizons. We connect with people from other countries without any problems, search for any information and get it in one click, and have many other opportunities accessing the net from our smartphones, tablets, and computers.
However, other realms of science have also been developing. Medicine, biology, archeology and many other sciences have achieved great results. We do have everything to maintain a high quality of life now. Many processes have been automated and people have got rid of many unpleasant things and difficulties they used to face in the past.
Перевод:
Сегодня мы живем в мире технологий и уже не помним, что наша жизнь когда-то была иной. Человечество сделало многие открытия и изобрело множество механизмов и приборов, которые значительно упростили нашу жизнь.
Мы познакомились со светом и звуком и изучили их свойства, которые помогли нам эффективно их использовать. Было изобретено радио, телевидение, телефон, которые позволили нам связываться друг с другом, узнавать о том, что происходит в нашем родном городе и во всем мире.
Человечество никогда не останавливалось на пути к неизведанным местам и даже планетам! Мы изобрели спутник и собрали ракету, чтобы отправиться на Луну и полететь вокруг Земли. Особое оборудование позволило нам сделать снимки дальних планет и изучить их природные условия.
Одним из последних прорывов в технологии считается интернет. Он расширил наши возможности и открыл новые горизонты. Мы общаемся с людьми из других стран без всяких проблем, ищем любую информацию и находим ее в одно нажатие мышью и имеем множество других возможностей, подключаясь к сети через наши смартфоны, планшеты и компьютеры.
Однако другие сферы науки также развиваются. Медицина, биология, археология и многие другие науки достигли отличных результатов. У нас действительно есть все, чтобы поддерживать высокий уровень жизнь сейчас. Многие процессы были автоматизированы и люди избавились от многих неприятных вещей и сложностей, с которыми сталкивались раньше.
Фразы из текста по теме:
To get acquainted with – познакомиться с
To make a discovery – сделать открытие
To invent – изобрести
Equipment – снаряжение, техническое оснащение, оборудование
Realm of science – сфера науки
To get rid of – избавиться от
Готовишься к ОГЭ или ЕГЭ?
Science and Technology. Тексты по теме для подготовки к экзамену
Sceince and technology is what we cannot imagine our life nowadays. Throughout the history inventors’ ideas have changed the way we live, making it easier and more enjoyable. The twenty-first century is no exception as it is noted for the invention of the television, computers, spacecraft, genetic engineering and many others. Read the texts about famous inventors and their inventions and remember their names. Before reading you should make sure that you know the words — Science. Английские слова. Список №1
Science and Technology. Texts about Famous Inventions and their Inventors
Before reading the texts match the inventors and inventions:
The inventions: the telephone, the television, the computer, the light bulb, the hydrogen bomb, the mobile phone (6)
The inventors: Charles Babbage, John Braid, Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, Martin Cooper, Andrei Sakharov (6)
Содержание:
1. The Invention of the Telephone
The telephone is one of the most important inventions of the 19th century. Its creator was the English scientist Alexander Graham Bell.
Bell wanted to be a teacher and entered Edinburgh University. But he changed his mind and became a student of the Medical Faculty of London University. Under the guidance of an outstanding German scientist who works on physiology of sight and ear, Bell began to study the human organs of articulation.
By and by Bell came to the idea of creating a special apparatus which would help the deaf to pronounce the sounds of speech and learn to speak. Working on such a apparatus, Bell invented microphone (with engineer Thomas Watson) and telephone. At first his invention was not popular with the public, but Bell visited American towns and other countries, read lectures and demonstrated his telephone.
In 1878 he also organized his own company to produce telephones. But Bell wasn’t interested in business itself and used his money on the laboratories for generating new ideas. He was and is greatly respected both in England and America.
2. The Invention of the Television
The television is a mass media that serves to gives people opportunities both for entertainment and for rapid information.
The idea of a machine able to broadcast both sound and vision goes back to 1875. But it wasn’t until 1926 that a Scottish engineer (John Braid) turned the idea into a practical reality. The first pictures were black and white and were not very clear.
Early TV sets cost as much as a small car and few people bought them. In 1936 the original system was improved and the first regular TV programme was broadcast in Britain.
But the real TV revolution began in America after World War Two. Commercial stations began to open in almost every city. But still lots of people didn’t have TV sets as they were too expensive. That all changed in the 60s and 70s when more and more TV sets were sold and the importance of television grew quickly. In 1980 there appeared satellite television. Dozens of new channels are now available to anyone who buys a receiving “dish”.
3. The Invention of the Computer
One more important invention of our century is the computer. The first computer was invented by the English scientist Charles Babbage.
Nowadays nearly everything we do in the modern world is helped and controlled by computers. Computers are used so often because they are more efficient than human beings. They have better memories and can store a lot of information.
In fact, computers can do what we can do but faster and better. They can control different machines, foretell tomorrow’s weather, even play chess and compose music. Computers are widely used in various professions. We can find computers everywhere: in a library, in a travel agency, in a hotel, in a shop and in many other places.
To be sure, the technical progress will not stop but the machines will not be able to substitute everything including the human being.
4.The Invention of the Mobile (cellular) Phone
Modern mobile phone provides a lot of services, from being able to message anyone to immediate access to the internet. This convenience is one of the reasons why we use mobile phone every day and sometimes cannot imagine our life without it. However, we do not know that the name of the inventor of the first cellular phone, the talented American engineer Martin Cooper.
Martin Cooper, was born in Chicago on the 26th of December, 1928. He graduated from Illinois Institute of Technology in the early ’50s and worked in the electronic industry. Throughout his career he was awarded multiple patents for his work.
Among different inventions in mobile technology, the invention of a cell phone was the most significant one. Doctor Martin Cooper made it, while he was working for Motorola (1973). At that time the demand for such devices was very high and he was among many other people who were trying to create a similar type of mobile device.
The first cellular phone was named DynaTac 8000X by Motorola. It looked nothing like what we’re used to now — it was 10 inches long and weighed more than 2 pounds.
Omitting the process of the mobile phone evolution, let us say a few words about iPhones. These advanced devices have touchscreen technology, a good quality camera, and 3G network capabilities. They were launched into the market in 2007.
Since 1973, mobile phone technology and networks have come a long way and though Martin Cooper was the man that initially invented the cell phone, there are a lot of other inventors that played a crucial role in the cell phone’s creation.
The most famous of them are:
Alexander Graham Bell, the man that invented the first telephone.
Joel Engel, the main rival of Martin Cooper, who worked in the company called Bell Labs. Bell Labs and Motorola companies were in serious competition to manufacture mobile devices. Motorola won the tech war and the first mobile phone was named as DynaTac 8000X by Motorola.
5. The most famous scientists and their inventions (discoveries) in Britain and America
Isaak Newton (an English scientist) who lived in the 17th century is the founder of modern mathematics, physics and spectography. Newton discovered the law of motion and the universal law of gravitation.
The eighteenth century is noted for the Industrial Revolution in Britain and many inventions, most prominent of them is probably considered to be the invention of steam engine.
The nineteenth century is noted for the invention of electricity and the telephone.
6. Russia’s Achievements in Science and Technology
The most prominent Russian scientists (engineers) and their inventions are:
1. Mikhail Lomonosov who invented the telescope which helped him to study Venus and made a lot of achievements in astronomy and mineralogy;
2. Dmitry Mendeleev who created the periodic table of elements;
3. Ivan Pavlov who studied conditioned reflexes (условные рефлексы) in animals;
4. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky who created the theory of space flight;
5. Sergei Korolyov who designed the intercontinental missile, Sputnik satellite, and Vostok spacecraft;
6. Igor Kurchatov who made a lot of inventions in nuclear physics;
7. Andrei Sakharov who invented the hydrogen bomb (водородная бомба)
Топик: Science / Наука
We are living in the modern world, full of computers, automatic devices, gadgets, cell phones and many other different interesting and useful things that technological progress has given us for usage. Although not even years have passed as we couldn’t even dream about time when it would be enough just to tap on a screen and get connected with the other person on the different end of the world.
Science has given us possibility to fly into space and step on the moon, to start studying different parts of our galaxy and even farther. For example, what wonderful pictures of our galaxy and planets and stars surrounding Earth Hubble telescope has showed to us. Now we can develop further and maybe ever step on the other planets and even populate it.
Technology has considerably made our life easier due to different discoveries. For example, nowadays we can travel with extremely high speed in different directions: many countries have high-speed trains which help us to feel comfortable all the way.
Older people have different devices that have highly improved the level of their life, such as special cars for driving or hearing aid that helps them to no more feel useless in the society.
On the other hand al this computerized environment may damage us too. Our children spend more and more time playing computer games, texting their friends instead of meeting them in the streets, living more and more in their own virtual world. Girls try to compete whose cell phone or tablet is better and more modern, or who has more friends on Facebook.
Anyway technology has its advantages and disadvantages, but we cannot escape from progress, the development is inevitable. But our responsibility is to preserve ourselves as modern, just and peaceful civilization.
Мы живем в современном мире, переполненном компьютерами, автоматическими устройствами, мобильными телефонами и другими интересными и полезными, которые нам дал в пользование технический прогресс. Хотя еще двадцать лет назад мы и мечтать не могли о времени, когда будет достаточно коснуться экрана и соединиться с человеком на другом конце земли.
Наука дала нам возможность полететь в космос и ступить на луну, начать изучать разные части нашей галактики и даже дальше. Например, какие прекрасные фотографии нашей галактики, ее планет и звезд окружающих Землю подарил нам телескоп Хаббл. И сейчас мы можем развиваться и дальше, и может быть, ступим на другие планеты и даже поселимся на них.
Технологии сделали нашу жизнь значительно легче, благодаря разным открытиям. Например, сегодня мы можем путешествовать с невероятно высокими скоростями в разные направления: во многих странах уже есть высокоскоростные поезда, позволяющие нам чувствовать себя комфортно в пути.
У пожилых людей появилось множество разных устройств, которые сильно улучшили их уровень жизни, такие как специальные автомобили и слуховые аппараты, позволяющие им чувствовать себя полезными обществу.
С другой стороны вся эта компьютеризированная среда может и навредить. Наши дети проводят все больше и больше времени, играя в компьютерные игры, переписываясь с друзьями, вместо того, чтобы встретиться на улице. Они все больше и больше живут в своем виртуальном мире. Девочки стали соревноваться у кого мобильный телефон лучше и современней, или у кого больше друзей в социальной сети.
Все равно у технологий есть свои преимущества и недостатки, но мы не можем убежать от прогресса, развитие неизбежно. Но наша ответственность в том, чтобы сохранить человечество современным, справедливым и мирным.
Technology in Our Life
Сочинение на тему «Технологии в нашей жизни» на английском языке с переводом на русский язык
We live in the 21st century and we are surrounded by technology. Is it good or is it bad? Let’s think about it.
The first thing that springs to mind is technology is great. It makes our life easier in many ways. For instance we have a lot of kitchen appliances that help us cook, cut, and wash in less time than 20 years ago. So housing has become much less time consuming. It applies to many other areas of our life.
Technologies help us be connected. Most people have some kind of a smart phone that allows them to stay online, share their news with friends and relatives no matter where they are at the moment. Nowadays we have easy access to information, which help in education and business. There are numerous resources that give people opportunity to study at home or be accepted in a university abroad without leaving their home country.
Of course we need to mention technologies used in medicine. They help save lives or improve lives of those who suffered from accidents or were born with some abnormalities. Technologies help us travel in quicker ways. The list of advantages can go and on.
But does technology have disadvantages? It definitely does. The speed with which modern technologies develop and our attempts to catch up with it make our lives more stressful. We have become more isolated, as more and more people replace real relations with social media ones. We virtually don’t need to go out to satisfy our basic needs like food, medicine etc.
Technology definitely improves our lives but only when used in moderation.
Перевод:
Технологии в нашей жизни
Мы живем в XXI веке, и технологии нас окружают. Хорошо это или плохо? Давайте думать.
Первое, что приходит в голову, технологии – это прекрасно. Они упрощают нашу жизнь. Например, сейчас существует много бытовых приборов, которые помогают нам готовить, резать и мыть за меньшее время, чем 20 лет назад. Ведение домашнего хозяйства занимает теперь значительно меньше времени. И это справедливо для многих сфер нашей жизни.
Технологии помогают нам всегда оставаться на связи. У большинства теперь есть смартфон, с помощью которого они выходят в интернет, делятся новостями с друзьями и родственниками, где бы те ни находились. Сегодня очень просто получить доступ к нужной информации, что помогает как в обучении, так и в бизнесе. Существует множество ресурсов, позволяющих обучатся дома, есть возможность поступить в иностранный университет, не уезжая из родной страны.
Конечно, нужно отметить и технологии, используемые в медицине. Они помогают спасать жизни людей и улучшать качество жизни тех, кто пострадал в результате несчастного случая или родился с отклонениями. Технологии позволяют нам путешествовать, тратя все меньше времени. Список преимуществ, которые дают нам технологии, можно продолжать довольно долго.
Но есть ли какие-то недостатки? Определенно есть. Скорость, с которой сейчас развиваются технологии и наши попытки угнаться за прогрессом, наполняют нашу жизнь стрессом. Мы стали более одинокими, поскольку все больше и больше людей предпочитают реальным отношениям виртуальные. Нам в принципе можно не выходить из дома, чтобы удовлетворить базовые потребности в еде, лекарствах и т.д.
Технологии значительно улучшают нашу жизнь, если мы используем их разумно.
