Рассказ о семи чудесах света на английском
Is it simply a temple? How could it take its place among other unique structures such as the Pyramid, the Hanging Gardens, and the Colossus of Rhodes? For the people who actually visited it the answer was simple. It was not just a temple. It was the most beautiful structure on earth. It was built in honour of the Greek goddess of hunting, wild nature, and fertility. That was the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.
It was situated in the ancient city of Ephesus about 50 km south of Izmir (Smyrna) in Turkey.
Although the foundation of the temple dates back to the seventh century BC, the structure was built around 550 BC. The great marble temple was decorated with bronze statues sculpted by the most skilled artists of their time.
The temple served as both a marketplace and a religious institution. Recent archeological excavations revealed gifts from pilgrims including statuettes of Artemis made of gold and ivory. earrings, bracelets, and necklaces. artifacts from as far as Persia and India.
On the night of 21 July 356 BC, a man named Herostratus burned the temple to ground in an attempt to immortalize his name, which he did indeed. Oddly enough, Alexander the Great was born the same night. The historian Plutarch later wrote that the goddess was «too busy taking care of the birth of Alexander to send help to her threatened temple». And when Alexander the Great conquered Asia Minor, he offered to rebuild the destroyed temple, but the Temple was not restored until after his death in 323 BC.
In AD 401 the Temple of Artemis was torn down by St John Chrysostom. Attempts were recently made to rebuilt the temple, but only a few columns have been re-erected.
The temple housed many works of art, including four ancient bronze statues of Amazons sculpted by the finest artists at the time. When St Paul visited the city, the temple was adorned with golden pillars and silver statuettes, and was decorated with paintings. There is no evidence that a statue of the goddess herself was placed at the centre of the sanctuary, but there is no reason not to believe so.
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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World – Семь чудес Древнего Мира
Дорогой ученик! В этом материале опубликованы чудеса света на английском языке. Под английским текстом есть перевод на русский язык.
The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex.
It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact.
The Colossus of Rhodes
The Colossus of Rhodes was a statue of the Greek sun-god Helios, erected in the city of Rhodes, on the island of Rhodes, by Chares of Lindos.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria
The Lighthouse of Alexandria, sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria, was a lighthouse built during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus.
It was constructed in the 3rd century BC on the island of Pharos. For many centuries it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the world.
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Bodrum, Turkey), was a massive tomb built in the 4th century BC for Mausolus, the ruler of Caria.
Following a damaging earthquake, and with many elements cannibalised for the 15th century CE Bodrum Castle, the Mausoleum no longer survives.
The Temple of Artemis
Temple of Artemis was a Greek temple at Ephesus (present Turkey). The great temple was built by Croesus, king of Lydia, in the 6th century BC and was rebuilt after being burned by a madman named Herostratus in 356 BCE.
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
The statue was created by the Greek sculptor Phidias in the 5th century BC. It was placed in the huge Temple of Zeus at Olympia.
The statue, almost 12 m high and plated with gold and ivory, represented the god sitting on a throne ornamented with ebony, ivory, gold, and precious stones.
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
According to legend, the Hanging Gardens were built by the Neo-Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II (who ruled between 605 and 562 BC), for his Median wife Queen Amytis, because she missed the green hills and valleys of her homeland.
The construction of the Hanging Gardens has also been attributed to the legendary queen Semiramis, who supposedly ruled Babylon in the 9th century BC, and they have been called the Hanging Gardens of Semiramis as an alternate name.
