Динозавры (Dinosaurs)
People learned about dinosaurs only 150 years ago, although these huge creatures inhabited the earth for as long as 160 million years, long before the ancestors of a man appeared on it. In the twenties of the last century, the fossilized bones of unknown creatures were first discovered. Later on, these fossil remains, scientists were able to restore the appearance and way of life of prehistoric monsters.
Dinosaurs were reptiles or reptiles. The word «dinosaur» means «terrible lizard». Many of them, like ordinary lizards, had hard, scaly skin. Hundreds of science-known species of dinosaurs are divided by scientists into two orders: the bird-dinosaurs, whose hind legs are similar to the bird’s, and the lizhorotaceae, whose pelvic bones resemble lizards.
Tyrannosaurus was not only the largest predatory dinosaur but in general the largest predator that ever inhabited our planet. His fossilized bones were found in North America. Tyrannosaurus reached a length along with the tail of 14 meters, and in a vertical position of 6 meters. His massive sharp teeth were 15 cm long, and the owner himself weighed 7.3 tones. It is natural to assume that the Tyrannosaurus was too heavy to chase other dinosaurs. He probably ate small and sick animals.
About 65 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died out and disappeared forever from the face of the earth. The reason for this is still a mystery.
Люди узнали о динозаврах всего 150 лет назад, хотя эти огромные существа населяли Землю целых 160 млн. лет, задолго до того, как на ней появились предки человека. В 20-х годах прошлого века впервые были найдены окаменелые кости неизвестных существ. Позднее по этим ископаемым останкам ученые смогли восстановить облик и образ жизни доисторических чудовищ.
Динозавры были пресмыкающимися, или рептилиями. Слово «динозавр» означает «ужасный ящер». У многих из них, как у обычных ящериц, была жесткая чешуйчатая кожа. Сотни известных сейчас науке видов динозавров разделены учеными на два отряда: птицетазовые динозавры, у которых задние конечности похожи на птичьи, и ящеротазовые, чьи тазовые кости напоминают ящериц.
Тираннозавр был не только самый крупный хищный динозавр, но и вообще крупнейший хищник, который когда-либо обитал на нашей планете. Его окаменелые кости были найдены в Северной Америке. Тираннозавр достигал в длину вместе с хвостом 14 метров, а в вертикальном положении 6 метров. Его огромные острые зубы были 15 см, а их хозяин весил 7,3 тонны. Разумеется, предположить, что тираннозавр был слишком тяжел, чтобы бегать за другими динозаврами. Вероятно, он питался мелкими и больными животными.
Около 65 млн. лет назад динозавры неожиданно вымерли и исчезли с лица земли навсегда. Причина этого до сих пор остается загадкой.
Рассказ про динозавров на английском языке с переводом
В этой статье дается описание различным видам динозавров и доисторических животных. Все предложения переведены на русский язык. Вы также сможете распечататься файлы в PDF формате 
, которые находятся над правым углом каждой таблицы. Файлы имеют два варианта текста – английский-русский и просто русский. Если ребенок уже умеет читать или писать, русский вариант текста может быть использован для упражнений по переводу на английский язык. Это предварительный этап, перед спонтанным пересказом текста.
Look at the picture.
Посмотрите на картинку.
It walks on two legs.
Он ходит на двух ногах.
There are 4 claws on each foot.
It has 3 large front claws and one small hind claw.
У него есть 3 огромных передних когтя и один маленький задний коготь.
The claws are huge and sharp.
Когти огромные и острые.
It’s sticking out from its mouth.
Он торчит из его рта.
It hunts other animals.
Он охотится на других животных.
Look at the picture.
Посмотрите на картинку.
It’s a Brontosaurus.
It’s big and strong.
Он большой и сильный.
It has a big and long tail.
У него большой длинный хвост.
It has four big legs.
Он имеет четыре большие ноги.
Its neck is very long.
Его шея очень длинная.
It doesn’t have claws.
It eats grass and leaves from trees.
Он ест траву и листья с деревьев.
It’s a vegetarian animal.
Это вегетарианское животное.
It doesn’t run fast.
Он не бегает быстро.
Look at the picture.
Посмотрите на картинку.
Он ест траву (сайчас).
It has a big tail with spikes on its end.
У него есть большой хвост с шипами на конце.
It has bony plates along its back.
У него есть (костные) пластины вдоль спины.
If something attacks it, it swings its tail to hit the attacker.
Если что-то атакует его, он качает хвостом, чтобы ударить атакующего.
Its skin is thick and has scales to protect it.
I don’t think it is a predator.
Я не думаю, что он хищник.
Look at the picture.
Посмотрите на картинку.
It looks like a bird.
It has two eyes and a sort of horn on the top of its head.
Он имеет два глаза и своего рода рог на верхней части головы.
Топик на тему Dinosaurs на английском языке
Dinosaurs were a group of animals that ruled our world for about 150 million years. They lived during the geologic middle ages of the Earth’s history, in a time that is called the Mesozoic era. Dinosaurs were reptiles and belonged to the greatest animals on Earth.
The age of dinosaurs
The Mesozoic era is often called the Age of Dinosaurs. It began about 250 million years ago and ended about 65 million years ago. Geologists divide it into 3 parts:
• the Triassic
• the Jurassic
• the Cretaceous
During the Mesozoic period the Earth consisted of only one single mass of land. About 200 million years ago this huge continent, Pangaea, broke into many pieces, which started to drift apart. Continents moved slowly into the position they are today.
The climate during the Age of Dinosaurs was different than today’s. It was warmer and there was more vegetation. The land was full of swamps, green plains, rivers and lakes. The first forests, mostly conifers that had cones on them emerged. Ferns and mosses also appeared on the Earth.
Physical features of dinosaurs
Dinosaurs were land animals that lived in almost all parts of the world, from tropical regions to deserts. They came in many different sizes and had different body shapes. Some were huge creatures, up to 40 meters long and a hundred tons in weight. Others were as small as a chicken.
Most dinosaurs had a scaly skin with no hair on their bodies. Although we often think dinosaurs were grey, dull creatures, experts think that some of them could have been really colorful.
Until today scientists don’t really know if dinosaurs were cold- or warm-blooded animals. They had their own way of regulating their body temperature.
Some dinosaurs were able to walk on their two hind legs and stood upright. They had hollow, light bones which enabled them to move quickly. Others had strong bones to support their massive weight. They moved slowly on all four legs.
Some types of dinosaurs had powerful jaws with sharp teeth made for eating meat and tearing apart their prey while others had long necks and ate leaves off of trees and other plants.
Most dinosaurs laid eggs. After they hatched, baby dinosaurs grew very quickly. They reached their full size after 7 or 8 years. It is still unclear how long dinosaurs lived, but some may have survived up to a hundred years. Fossils show that some dinosaurs lived in herds for at least parts of the year.
Dinosaurs were able to protect themselves in many ways. Some of them used their horns for protection; others drove enemies away with their massive size.
Groups of dinosaurs
Dinosaurs are divided into two basic groups.
Ornithischians were dinosaurs that had bird-like hips and other features that you can find in modern birds. Many had a skin made of plates and most of them were plant eaters. The Stegosaurus, for example, was a plant-eating dinosaur with a small head. It reached a length of up to 10 meters.
Saurischians were dinosaurs that had hips like lizards. Some of them belonged to the largest creatures that ever roamed the Earth.
The Brontosaurus, for example, was an enormous animal. It had a long neck, a small head and ate plants from trees. It moved slowly because it was so heavy. Some Saurischians were meat-eating dinosaurs. The fiercest of all was the Tyrannosaurus rex, the king of lizards. The T. rex was almost 4 meters tall and had sharp teeth. It had short front legs but very strong and massive hind legs. Tyrannosaurs roamed across North America and Central Asia towards the end of the Mesozoic period.
Why dinosaurs died out
Dinosaurs became extinct towards the end of the Mesozoic era, about 65 million years ago. Although there are still some mysteries left most scientists think that a drastic change in climate killed them. Winters became too cold for dinosaurs to survive.
Another theory says that a huge asteroid hit the Earth at that time. It whirled so much dust and gas into the atmosphere that sunlight was blocked out for millions of years. Dinosaurs probably starved to death because there was no food.
Other scientists maintain that dinosaurs may have evolved into birds. Some modern birds, like ostriches may have come from dinosaurs like the archaeopteryx.
