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Steve Jobs was born on 24 February 1955 in San Francisco. His full name was Steven Paul Jobs. Birth parents abandoned him and then Steve was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs. Some years later his adoptive parents affiliated a daughter, Patti.
Paul was a mechanical engineer and worked for a corporation which produced lasers. Steve’s stepmother was a bookkeeper. She taught him to read at an early age and Paul showed Steve elementary electronics. Steve himself always insisted that Paul and Clara were his parents.
In 1972 Steve Jobs graduated from high school in California and became a college student at Reed College in Portland. He also attended lectures at the HP Company and then began to work there with his schoolfellow Steve Wozniak.
In 1976 Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne established Apple. Some years later Steve Wozniak created a new personal computer which carried Apple forward. Its name was Apple II. Steve Jobs worked on design and sales of new device.
In 1980s Xerox PARC introduced its product, mouse-driven graphical user interface. Steve Jobs predicted the success of Xerox PARC’s invention and this was an incitement to development of the Apple Lisa. The creators were Ken Rothmuller and John Couch. In addition to that Jef Raskin invented Macintosh in one year.
There was a race for power in Apple in 1985. Steve Jobs lost it and left the company. He decided to found a new corporation which was called NeXT. This company produced technologies for organizational markets and higher-education.
In 1986 Steve Jobs got the computer graphics branch of Lucasfilm Ltd. Later it was reorganized into Pixar Animation Studios. Steve worked on famous animated cartoon ‘Toy Story’ as an executive producer. He was controlling shareholder and his percentage was 50.1%. In 2006 The Walt Disney Company acquired Pixar Animation Studios and Steve became the stock owner and a member of its Board of Directors.
In 1996 NeXT was included in Apple. Consequently Steve returned to work for Apple and became its co-founder. Afterwards the NeXTSTEP codebase was used for the Mac OS X. In 1996 Steve Jobs was chosen as an advisor of Apple and interim CEO in 1997. In 2000 he became Chief Executive Officer of Apple. He supervised elaboration of the iMac, iPad, iPod, iTunes, iPhone and other company’s products.
On March 18, 1991 Steve married Laurene Powell. Married couple had son and two daughters. Jobs also was in a relationship with painter Chris Ann Brennan. Lisa Brennan-Jobs, their daughter, was born in 1978. She was Steve’s first child.
In 2003 Steve’s illness was diagnosed as a rare form of pancreatic cancer. He was cured of it. But in 2009 Steve sustained a liver transplantation. His health became worse. In August 2011 Steve Jobs resigned as Chief Executive Officer but he remained Chairman of the Board till his dying day. On October 5, 2011 he died.
Стив Джобс
Steve Jobs co-founded Apple Computers with Steve Wozniak. Under Jobs’ guidance, the company pioneered a series of revolutionary technologies, including the iPhone and iPad.
Who Was Steve Jobs?
Steven Paul Jobs was an American inventor, designer and entrepreneur who was the co-founder, chief executive and chairman of Apple Computer. Apple’s revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad, are now seen as dictating the evolution of modern technology. Born in 1955 to two University of Wisconsin graduate students who gave him up for adoption, Jobs was smart but directionless, dropping out of college and experimenting with different pursuits before co-founding Apple with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Jobs left the company in 1985, launching Pixar Animation Studios, then returned to Apple more than a decade later. Jobs died in 2011 following a long battle with pancreatic cancer.
Net Worth
Movies and Books on Steve Jobs
Several movies inspired by the computer icon’s life have been released as well — namely the critically panned Jobs (2013), starring Ashton Kutcher, and Steve Jobs (2015), starring Michael Fassbender and directed by Danny Boyle.
A number of books have also been written on Jobs’ life and career, including an authorized 2011 general biography by Walter Isaacson. The book was critiqued for the depiction of its main subject by Apple’s chief executive Tim Cook, who succeeded Jobs. Karen Blumenthal also wrote a 2012 young adult biography, and Brent Schlender and Rick Tetzeli wrote 2015’s Becoming Steve Jobs.
Steve Jobs’ Death and Last Words
Steve Jobs died in Palo Alto on October 5, 2011, after battling pancreatic cancer for nearly a decade. He was 56 years old.
In Mona Simpson’s eulogy for Steve Jobs, his sister said Steve Jobs looked at his sister Patty, kids and wife, then said his last words: “OH WOW. OH WOW. OH WOW.”
Wife and Children
Steve Jobs and Laurene Powell married on March 18, 1991. The pair met in the early 1990s at Stanford business school, where Powell was an MBA student. They lived together in Palo Alto, California, with their three children.
Although he remained a private man who rarely disclosed information about his family, it is known that Jobs fathered a daughter, Lisa, with girlfriend Chrisann Brennan when he was 23. He denied paternity of his daughter in court documents, claiming he was sterile. Chrisann struggled financially for much of her life, and Jobs did not initiate a relationship with his daughter until she was seven years old. When she was a teenager, Lisa came to live with her father.
When and Where Was Steve Jobs Born?
Steve Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California.
Family and Early Life
Joanne Schieble (later Joanne Simpson) and Abdulfattah «John» Jandali, two University of Wisconsin graduate students, gave up their unnamed son, Steve Jobs, for adoption. Jobs’ father, Jandali, was a Syrian political science professor, and his mother, Schieble, worked as a speech therapist. Shortly after Steve was placed for adoption, his biological parents married and had another child, Mona Simpson. It was not until Jobs was 27 that he was able to uncover information on his biological parents.
As an infant, Jobs was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs and named Steven Paul Jobs. Clara worked as an accountant and Paul was a Coast Guard veteran and machinist. The family lived in Mountain View, California, within the area that would later become known as Silicon Valley. As a boy, Jobs and his father worked on electronics in the family garage. Paul showed his son how to take apart and reconstruct electronics, a hobby that instilled confidence, tenacity and mechanical prowess in young Jobs.
Education
While Jobs was always an intelligent and innovative thinker, his youth was riddled with frustrations over formal schooling. Jobs was a prankster in elementary school due to boredom, and his fourth-grade teacher needed to bribe him to study. Jobs tested so well, however, that administrators wanted to skip him ahead to high school — a proposal that his parents declined.
After high school, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Lacking direction, he dropped out of college after six months and spent the next 18 months dropping in on creative classes at the school. Jobs later recounted how one course in calligraphy developed his love of typography.
In 1974, Jobs took a position as a video game designer with Atari. Several months later he left the company to find spiritual enlightenment in India, traveling further and experimenting with psychedelic drugs.
Steve Wozniak
Back when Jobs was enrolled at Homestead High School, he was introduced to his future partner and co-founder of Apple Computer, Steve Wozniak, who was attending the University of California, Berkeley.
In a 2007 interview with PC World, Wozniak spoke about why he and Jobs clicked so well: «We both loved electronics and the way we used to hook up digital chips,» Wozniak said. «Very few people, especially back then, had any idea what chips were, how they worked and what they could do. I had designed many computers, so I was way ahead of him in electronics and computer design, but we still had common interests. We both had pretty much sort of an independent attitude about things in the world.”
Apple Computer
In 1976, when Jobs was just 21, he and Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer in the Jobs’ family garage. They funded their entrepreneurial venture by Jobs selling his Volkswagen bus and Wozniak selling his beloved scientific calculator. Jobs and Wozniak are credited with revolutionizing the computer industry with Apple by democratizing the technology and making machines smaller, cheaper, intuitive and accessible to everyday consumers.
The next several products from Apple suffered significant design flaws, however, resulting in recalls and consumer disappointment. IBM suddenly surpassed Apple in sales, and Apple had to compete with an IBM/PC-dominated business world.
In 1984, Apple released the Macintosh, marketing the computer as a piece of a counterculture lifestyle: romantic, youthful, creative. But despite positive sales and performance superior to IBM’s PCs, the Macintosh was still not IBM-compatible. Sculley believed Jobs was hurting Apple, and the company’s executives began to phase him out. Not actually having had an official title with the company he co-founded, Jobs was pushed into a more marginalized position and thus left Apple in 1985.
Pixar
Reinventing Apple
Battle with Cancer
In 2003, Jobs discovered that he had a neuroendocrine tumor, a rare but operable form of pancreatic cancer. Instead of immediately opting for surgery, Jobs chose to alter his pesco-vegetarian diet while weighing Eastern treatment options. For nine months, Jobs postponed surgery, making Apple’s board of directors nervous. Executives feared that shareholders would pull their stock if word got out that their CEO was ill. But in the end, Jobs’ confidentiality took precedence over shareholder disclosure. In 2004, he had a successful surgery to remove the pancreatic tumor. True to form, in subsequent years Jobs disclosed little about his health.
Early in 2009, reports circulated about Jobs’ weight loss, some predicting his health issues had returned, which included a liver transplant. Jobs responded to these concerns by stating he was dealing with a hormone imbalance. Days later, he went on a six-month leave of absence. In an e-mail message to employees, Jobs said his «health-related issues are more complex» than he thought, then named Tim Cook, Apple’s chief operating officer, as “responsible for Apple’s day-today operations.»
After nearly a year out of the spotlight, Steve Jobs delivered a keynote address at an invite-only Apple event on September 9, 2009. He continued to serve as master of ceremonies, which included the unveiling of the iPad, throughout much of 2010. However in January 2011, Jobs announced he was going on medical leave. In August, he resigned as CEO of Apple, handing the reigns to Cook, and in October he passed away.
‘You’ve got to find what you love,’ Jobs says
This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.
I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories.
Для меня большая честь быть с вами сегодня на вручении дипломов одного из самых лучших университетов мира. Я не оканчивал институтов. Сегодня я хочу рассказать вам три истории из моей жизни. И всё. Ничего грандиозного. Просто три истории.
The first story is about connecting the dots.
Первая история – о соединении точек.
I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?
Я бросил Reed College после первых 6 месяцев обучения, но оставался там в качестве “гостя” ещё около 18 месяцев, пока наконец не ушёл. Почему же я бросил учёбу?
It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: «We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?» They said: «Of course.» My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.
Всё началось ещё до моего рождения. Моя биологическая мать была молодой, незамужней аспиранткой и решила отдать меня на усыновление. Она настаивала на том, чтобы меня усыновили люди с высшем образованием, поэтому мне было суждено быть усыновлённым юристом и его женой. Правда, за минуту до того, как я вылез на свет, они решили, что хотят девочку. Поэтому им позвонили ночью и спросили: “Неожиданно родился мальчик. Вы хотите его?”. Они сказали: “Конечно”. Потом моя биологическая мать узнала, что моя приёмная мать – не выпускница колледжа, а мой отец никогда не был выпускником школы. Она отказалась подписать бумаги об усыновлении. И только несколько месяцев спустя всё же уступила, когда мои родители пообещали ей, что я обязательно пойду в колледж.
And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.
И 17 лет спустя я пошёл. Но я наивно выбрал колледж, который был почти таким же дорогим, как и Стэнфорд, и все накопления моих родителей были потрачены на подготовку к нему. Через шесть месяцев, я не видел смысла моего обучения. Я не знал, что я хочу делать в своей жизни, и не понимал, как колледж поможет мне это осознать. И вот, я просто тратил деньги родителей, которые они копили всю жизнь. Поэтому я решил бросить колледж и поверить, что всё будет хорошо. Я был поначалу напуган, но, оглядываясь сейчас назад, понимаю, что это было моим лучшим решением за всю жизнь. В ту минуту, когда я бросил колледж, я мог перестать говорить о том, что требуемые уроки мне не интересны и посещать те, которые казались интересными.
It wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:
Не всё было так романтично. У меня не было комнаты в общаге, поэтому я спал на полу в комнатах друзей, я сдавал бутылки Колы по 5 центов, чтобы купить еду и ходил за 7 миль через весь город каждый воскресный вечер, чтобы раз в неделю нормально поесть в храме кришнаитов. Мне он нравился. И много из того, с чем я сталкивался, следуя своему любопытству и интуиции, оказалось позже бесценным. Вот вам пример:
Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and I found it fascinating.
Reed College всегда предлагал лучшие уроки по каллиграфии. По всему кампусу каждый постер, каждая метка были написаны каллиграфическим почерком от руки. Так как я отчислился и не брал обычных уроков, я записался на уроки по каллиграфии. Я узнал о serif и sans serif, о разных отступах между комбинациями букв, о том, что делает прекрасную типографику прекрасной. Она была красивой, историчной, мастерски утонченной до такой степени, что наука этого не смогла бы понять.
None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it’s likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
Again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
Ещё раз: вы не можете соединить точки, смотря вперёд; вы можете соединить их только оглядываясь в прошлое. Поэтому вам придётся довериться тем точкам, которые вы как-нибудь свяжете в будущем. Вам придётся на что-то положиться: на свой характер, судьбу, жизнь, карму – что угодно. Такой подход никогда не подводил меня и он изменил мою жизнь.
My second story is about love and loss.
Моя вторая история – о любви и потере.
Я не знал, чего делать несколько месяцев. Я чувствовал, что я подвёл прошлое поколение предпринимателей – что я уронил эстафетную палочку, когда мне её передавали. Я встречался с David Packard и Bob Noyce и пытался извиниться за то, что натворил. Это было публичным провалом и я даже думал о том, чтобы убежать куда подальше. Но что-то медленно стало проясняться во мне – я всё ещё любил то, что делал. Ход событий в Apple лишь слегка всё изменил. Я был отвергнут, но я любил. И, в конце концов, я решил начать всё сначала.
I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
Тогда я этого не понимал, но оказалось, что увольнение с Apple было лучшим, что могло было произойти со мной. Бремя успешного человека сменилось легкомыслием начинающего, менее уверенного в чём-либо. Я освободился и вошёл в один из самых креативных периодов своей жизни.
During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.
В течении следующих пяти лет я основал компанию NeXT, другую компанию, названную, Pixar и влюбился в удивительную женщину, которая стала моей женой. Pixar создал самый первый компьютерный анимационный фильм, Toy Story, и является теперь самой успешной анимационной студией в мире. В ходе поразительных событий, Apple купила NeXT, я вернулся в Apple, и технология, разработанная в NeXT стала сердцем нынешнего возрождения Apple. А Laurene и я стали замечательной семьёй.
I’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don’t settle.
Я уверен, что ничего из этого не случилось бы, если бы меня не уволили из Apple. Лекарство было горьким, но пациенту оно помогло. Иногда жизнь бьёт вас по башке кирпичом. Не теряйте веры. Я убеждён, что единственная вещь, которая помогла мне продолжать дело была то, что я любил своё дело. Вам надо найти то, что вы любите. И это так же верно для работы, как и для отношений. Ваша работа заполнит большую часть жизни и единственный способ быть полностью довольным – делать то, что по-вашему является великим делом. И единственный способ делать великие дела – любить то, что вы делаете. Если вы ещё не нашли своего дела, ищите. Не останавливайтесь. Как это бывает со всеми сердечными делами, вы узнаете, когда найдёте. И, как любые хорошие отношения, они становятся лучше и лучше с годами. Поэтому ищите, пока не найдёте. Не останавливайтесь.
My third story is about death.
When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: «If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.» It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: «If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?» And whenever the answer has been «No» for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.
Когда мне было 17, я прочитал цитату – что-то вроде этого: “Если вы живёте каждый день так, как будто он последний, когда-нибудь вы окажетесь правы.” Цитата произвела на меня впечатление и с тех пор, уже 33 года, я смотрю в зеркало каждый день и спрашиваю себя: “Если бы сегодняшний день был последним в моей жизни, захотел ли бы я делать то, что собираюсь сделать сегодня?”. И как только ответом было “Нет” на протяжении нескольких дней подряд, я понимал, что надо что-то менять.
About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn’t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor’s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.
Около года назад мне поставили диагноз: рак. Мне пришёл скан в 7:30 утра и он ясно показывал опухоль в поджелудочной железе. Я даже не знал, что такое поджелудочная железа. Врачи сказали мне, что этот тип рака не излечим и что мне осталось жить не больше трёх-шести месяцев. Мой доктор посоветовал пойти домой и привести дела в порядок (что у врачей означает приготовиться к смерти). Это значит попытаться сказать своим детям то, что бы ты сказал за следующие 10 лет. Это значит убедиться в том, что всё благополучно устроено, так, чтобы твоей семье было насколько можно легко. Это значит попрощаться.
I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I’m fine now.
Я жил с этим диагнозом весь день. Позже вечером мне сделали биопсию – засунули в горло эндоскоп, пролезли через желудок и кишки, воткнули иголку в поджелудочную железу и взяли несколько клеток из опухоли. Я был в отключке, но моя жена, которая там была, сказала, что когда врачи посмотрели клетки под микроскопом, они стали кричать, потому что у меня оказалась очень редкая форма рака поджелудочной железы, которую можно вылечить операцией. Мне сделали операцию и теперь со мной всё в порядке.
This was the closest I’ve been to facing death, and I hope it’s the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:
No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.
Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
Ваше время ограничено, поэтому не тратьте его на жизнь чей-то чужой жизнью. Не попадайте в ловушку догмы, которая говорит жить мыслями других людей. Не позволяйте шуму чужих мнений перебить ваш внутренний голос. И самое важное, имейте храбрость следовать своему сердцу и интуиции. Они каким-то образом уже знают то, кем вы хотите стать на самом деле. Всё остальное вторично.
When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960’s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.
Когда я был молод, я прочитал удивительную публикацию The Whole Earth Catalog (“Каталог всей Земли”), которая была одной из библий моего поколения. Её написал парень по имени Stewart Brand, живущий тут недалеко в Menlo Park. Это было в конце шестидесятых, до персональных компьютеров и настольных издательств, поэтому она была сделана с помощью пишущих машинок, ножниц и полароидов. Что-то вроде Google в бумажной форме, 35 лет до Google. Публикация была идеалистической и переполненной большими идеями.
Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: «Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.» It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
teward и его команда сделали несколько выпусков The Whole Earth Catalog и, в конце концов, издали финальный номер. Это было в середине 70–х и я был вашего возраста. На последней странице обложки была фотография дороги ранним утром, типа той, на которой вы, может быть, ловили машины, если любили приключения. Под ней были такие слова: “Оставайтесь голодными. Оставайтесь безрассудными”. Это было их прощальное послание. Оставайтесь голодными. Оставайтесь безрассудными. И я всегда желал себе этого. И теперь, когда вы заканчиваете институт и начинаете заново, я желаю этого вам.
